Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2010/iii/paper-50/3/c/solution

The Pauli matrices obey and , and operators on different tensor factors commute. Hence
Adding gives . Each commutes separately with both and , so . Every interaction on sites also commutes with all for . Therefore equal and coefficients make their contributions cancel pair by pair, and . This is Excitation-number conservation in XXZ spin chains: is the total spin magnetization in Pauli normalization.

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