Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2011/ia/paper-3/1d/b/solution

A permutation preserves whether the two coordinates are equal. Consequently the diagonal and its complement are invariant under this group action. Any can be carried to any by a permutation sending to . Likewise, for and , the assignment , extends to a permutation of the remaining letters.
For the equality-pattern orbits of ordered pairs are the two orbits of a group action are therefore
with sizes and . For only the diagonal orbit of a group action exists.

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