Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2011/ii/paper-3/25k/iv/solution

Continue with . For each integer , let . These events decrease with , and their probabilities are at least by (iii). Continuity from above of a measure gives
It is important not to assume that this exact threshold event is automatically a tail event: a vanishing change of partial sums can affect infinitely many exact comparisons at the threshold. Instead use
For any fixed , subtracting shows that . Thus is measurable with respect to every tail sigma-algebra. The event has positive probability by the preceding bound, so Kolmogorov zero-one law makes its probability one. Intersecting over all positive integers gives
For any specified real , this conclusion implies infinitely many with , completing both requests. In the excluded zero-variance case the limsup is zero.

New to topics? Read the docs here!