Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2011/ii/paper-4/17f/i/solution

With one edge colour, . Suppose the assertion is known for colours, and take . At any vertex, among its incident edges some colour occurs on at least edges. Let be their other endpoints. If an edge within has that colour, it completes a monochromatic triangle with the chosen vertex. Otherwise uses only colours internally, and the inductive hypothesis gives a monochromatic triangle there. Thus
Induction now yields
Together with the base case, for every positive . This is a constructive multicolour Ramsey bound.

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