Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2012/iii/paper-35/2/c/i/solution

Restrict first to loops surrounding . This satisfies the pointed restriction property, so for one constant ,
A single rooted pushforward cannot equal the whole : it only sees loops surrounding its root. The rest is recovered by moving that root.
For , choose a disc automorphism with . Conformal restriction yields
with the same constant. Let be a countable dense set in . Every simple loop contained in surrounds one of these points. Make this cover disjoint by . For a measurable event of loops in ,
This explicitly relates the entire loop measure to the single-root measure without overcounting a loop once for every point in its interior. It also proves that knowledge of , up to normalization, determines . Nontriviality gives : otherwise all countably many pointed patches would vanish. Using the usual unrooted Brownian loop measure, the same construction is commonly expressed as its outer-boundary pushforward, up to a constant.

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