Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2013/iii/paper-20/2/ii/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2013 iii Paper 20 2 ii Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-07
A propositional type is a set of propositional formulas; a Boolean valuation realizes it if every member is true, and omits it if at least one member is false. A consistent propositional theory locally omits if every formula which implies all members of modulo is refutable modulo . Equivalently, whenever is consistent, there is a for which is consistent. For a consistent propositional type, this says that it is a nonprincipal propositional type.
The extended omitting types theorem for propositional logic says that if a consistent locally omits each of a countable family , there is one Boolean valuation satisfying and omitting them all. It also works inside any prescribed finite condition consistent with .
To prove it, start with such a condition , taking when none is prescribed. At stage , choose such thatSuch a choice exists by local omission. More explicitly, failure would imply for every , hence , contradicting the stage invariant. Every finite subset of lies inside a consistent stage. By the propositional compactness theorem and the completeness theorem for propositional logic, it has a Boolean valuation. That Boolean valuation satisfies and makes the selected member of every type false. All types are therefore omitted simultaneously. No effective test for consistency is assumed, and the argument does not require the ambient propositional language to be countable. Only the family of omission requirements is countable.
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