Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2017/ib/paper-1/13a/b/ii/solution

For , close upwards. The pole at is outside this contour, while is inside; the pole is also outside. The residue theorem and the minus sign in the definition of give
This rational function is holomorphic throughout , since its only pole lies above . In particular the formula includes : the original line-integrand has no singularity on there, and no evaluation of is needed. Closing downwards would require a decay hypothesis in the lower half-plane that has not been given; closing upwards avoids that unjustified step.

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