Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2017/ii/paper-1/18g/c/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 ii Paper 1 18G c Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-05
The identity is one conjugacy class. In , conjugation by pairs each element with its inverse, giving four classes represented by , each of size two. All nine elements of are conjugate, since conjugation by changes the reflection component by and squaring is a bijection of .
There are two linear characters: the trivial character and the character equal to one on and minus one on . Write . The remaining four irreducible characters of a representation are induced from the nontrivial characters of , pairing with . They are exactly the two-dimensional representations already proved irreducible. Taking representatives yields the character tableIndeed the induced value on is , equal to two or minus one, and is zero off . The squared dimensions sum to , so this is the complete table.
An element of centralizes only if it equals its inverse, hence only if it is the identity. No reflection centralizes . Thus is cyclic, but the two linear representations kill and each two-dimensional irreducible has a nontrivial kernel of a group homomorphism of order three. Therefore a cyclic centre does not imply a faithful irreducible representation.
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