Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2017/iii/paper-304/2/i/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 iii Paper 304 2 i Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
The Faddeev-Popov ghost fields and are spin-zero Grassmann fields in the Adjoint representation of ; their statistics are anticommuting, despite their scalar transformation under spacetime rotations. The Nakanishi-Lautrup field is an auxiliary commuting spin-zero field, also in the Adjoint representation. ThusThese Faddeev-Popov ghost fields are not physical spin-zero fermion states; they represent the gauge-fixing Jacobian, so their scalar spin does not contradict the physical Spin-statistics theorem.
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