Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2018/iii/paper-121/1/vi/a/solution

Take the formula saying that a set is transitive:
This is a bounded formula in set theory. If , transitivity of ensures that every and every is already in , and the same holds in . Both structures therefore run through exactly the same bounded witnesses and use the same actual membership relation. They agree on for every , proving set-theoretic absoluteness.

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