Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2019/ia/paper-1/12f/ii/solution

Let be the union of the closed intervals remaining after steps of the Cantor set construction. Their total length is . Any point outside has a ternary expansion with a among its first digits, so . Endpoints of deleted intervals also belong to because they have an alternative ternary expansion containing a , as in .
A partition using all endpoints of has lower Darboux sum at least
Since is dense, every upper Darboux sum is one. Letting gives equal upper and lower integrals, and therefore

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