Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2019/ia/paper-1/9d/solution

The Cauchy functional equation first gives and . If , then continuity at the given point gives
so is continuous at zero. For every ,
so is continuous everywhere.
Put . Additivity gives for integers and then for rational numbers. For any real , choose rationals ; continuity gives
For the multiplicative equation, . If , then for every . Otherwise . In that case
and cannot vanish because . Hence is everywhere positive. The continuous function satisfies the Cauchy functional equation, so . Therefore the complete family is

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