Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2019/ia/paper-3/9b/solution

For the one-to-one transformation , the Jacobian determinant used in the stated formula is
Locally, the derivative maps a small rectangular box of volume to a parallelepiped of volume . Partitioning the region into such boxes and passing to the Riemann integral gives the change of variables formula
In the plane , the region is inside the unit circle and on the right-hand side of the hyperbola
It is nonempty exactly when ; it has positive area when . In , its boundaries are and . The minimum and maximum values are and , both at . The largest absolute occurs where the boundaries meet:
Figure 1.
Cross-section of the integration region
.
Now set , , and . The inverse Jacobian determinant is , and in cylindrical coordinates the transformed region is
Thus , and each horizontal cross-section is an annulus. Its volume is
Therefore, for ,
For the region has zero volume.

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