Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/ii/paper-1/37c/b/solution

Define the dual tensor by
For metric signature and , two independent quadratic electromagnetic field invariants are
and
Changing orientation or the sign convention for can change the displayed overall signs but not their vanishing.
For a vacuum plane electromagnetic wave with wavevector ,
Hence
for every transverse polarization. Both Lorentz scalars therefore vanish.

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