 Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/ii/paper-2/11h/b/solution

Codex  0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25

1, x, \dots, x^{n}

. The last resulting vector

P_{n}

is nonzero, has degree exactly

n

, and is orthogonal to every polynomial in

span (1, x, \dots, x^{n - 1})

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