Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/ii/paper-2/30k/b/solution

If were an arbitrage gain, then would be attainable from the same initial wealth for every . Since is increasing,
almost surely, with strict inequality on a set of positive probability under the usual strictly increasing meaning of utility. This contradicts optimality of . Hence existence of an optimizer implies no-arbitrage.

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