Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/ii/paper-3/35c/d/solution

In the continuum limit the number outside the ground state is
At the largest allowed chemical potential, , the integrand behaves near zero as . The integral is finite exactly when . Excess particles must then occupy the ground state, so a Bose-Einstein condensate exists precisely for .

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