Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/iii/paper-220/1/f/solution

Choose a root and finite sets whose union is dense, arranging that is a -net and . Let be the finite subtree spanned by and . A depth-first contour traversal of , recording distance from , gives a continuous excursion whose real tree encoded by an excursion is .
The traversals may be chosen compatibly: when passing from to , insert the new branch traversals into small time intervals at their attachment points. Since every new component has height at most , choose the time changes so that
After harmlessly taking a faster sequence of nets, these errors are summable. Hence is uniformly Cauchy and converges uniformly to a continuous with .
The net property gives . By the stated continuity of excursion coding, . Since is isometric to , uniqueness of limits in the Gromov-Hausdorff distance implies that is isometric to . This proves the excursion coding theorem for compact real trees.

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