Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/iii/paper-221/4/c/i/solution

In the bivariate probit model for endogenous treatment, affects treatment through its threshold equation and affects the outcome through its threshold equation. When , the two disturbances are dependent, so treatment status carries information about the latent outcome disturbance even after conditioning on . Consequently
in general, and the no unmeasured confounding assumption fails.

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