Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2022/ii/paper-1/27g/b/solution

On a probability space carrying an infinite IID sequence with law , map to . Its pushforward measure satisfies
for every cylinder set. Cylinder sets form a pi-system generating , so the sigma-finite uniqueness theorem for measures proves uniqueness. This is the countable product measure .
For a cylinder ,
The same generating-class argument extends this equality to every measurable set, so is a measure-preserving transformation.
If , then for every , so membership in is independent of the first coordinates. Thus belongs to the tail sigma-algebra. The zero-one law gives , proving that the shift is ergodic.

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