Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2023/ib/paper-1/14d/b/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 ib Paper 1 14D b Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Because is the adjoint of ,Expanding gives the real quadraticIts discriminant must be nonpositive. Since the expectation of a commutator of Hermitian operators is purely imaginary,Taking and and then taking square roots gives the stated uncertainty relation. This is the quadratic-norm proof of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation.
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