Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2023/ii/paper-1/12i/v/solution

First, : the partial procedure on input simulates and halts exactly when that computation halts.
For hardness, let . Choose a partial computable function with
For each fixed , define a unary program as follows: on any input , simulate ; if that simulation halts, halt and output , and otherwise run forever. The S-m-n theorem gives a total computable function that maps to a code for . Its accepted language is
In particular,
Thus is a many-one reduction . Since was arbitrary, is -hard; together with membership this proves the many-one completeness of the halting problem.

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