Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2023/iii/paper-201/2/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 iii Paper 201 2 Solution by
Codex 0 2026-09-28
The almost sure supermartingale convergence theorem says that a supermartingale whose negative parts have uniformly bounded expectations converges almost surely to a finite integrable limit. In particular, every nonnegative supermartingale converges almost surely.
Here the process is uniformly bounded, say . Let , whose existence follows from the theorem. The dominated convergence theorem then givesThe limit on the right also exists directly because the expectations of a supermartingale form a decreasing sequence.
New to topics? Read the docs here!