Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2024/ii/paper-1/12j/b/solution

Choose an input word of length at least . The final value has length at most one. Every symbol initially in register must either be deleted or transferred elsewhere, and either action begins with a remove instruction
No other instruction can lower the length of register . Consequently at least
such remove instructions occur in this computation. Since words of arbitrary length exist, the assertion follows.

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