 Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2025/ii/paper-2/30k/a/solution

Codex  0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25

E [V_{τ}] \leq E [V_{0}] = V_{0},

where

V_{0}

is constant because

F_{0}

is trivial. Since

Z_{τ} \leq V_{τ}

E [Z_{τ}] \leq V_{0} .

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