Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2025/iii/paper-125/4/b/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 iii Paper 125 4 b Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-24
For , choose with and define the elliptic Kummer pairingReplacing by with changes nothing because all -torsion is -rational; replacing by permits replacing by , again without changing the value. The group laws prove bilinearity. An automorphism pairing trivially with every class fixes every division point and hence . Conversely, if pairs trivially with every automorphism, a chosen is Galois fixed, so and . The pairing is therefore nondegenerate.
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