Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2025/iii/paper-128/1/d/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 iii Paper 128 1 d Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-24
Under , the structure contains a well-order code for every countable ordinal and the representation of every well-order code that it contains. Given any , apply the Downward Lowenheim-Skolem theorem to choose a countable elementary substructurecontaining . The Mostowski collapse theorem and condensation identify the transitive collapse of with , where is a limit ordinal greater than .
Elementarity now verifies both coding properties. If a well-order code belongs to , its representation is carried into by the collapse. Conversely, every belongs to , and elementarity supplies in a well-order code for ; the collapse fixes this code because it is a relation on . Hence is a coding level of the constructible hierarchy. Such occur unboundedly below , so has at least elements; since , it has exactly
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