Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2025/iii/paper-215/1/b/ii/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 iii Paper 215 1 b ii Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Reverse time under the uniform invariant law. The reverse shuffle selects cards uniformly without replacement and moves them to the top in random order. Track cards once selected. The forward time at which the initially bottom card first lies among the next top corresponds in reverse to the first time every card has been selected. At that coupon-collector time, the order of all marked cards is uniform and independent of the marking time, by induction over the random insertions. Reversing again shows that is uniform and independent of , so part (a) makes a strong stationary time.
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