Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2026/iii/paper-101/1/c/ii/solution

Write the nonsplit short exact sequence
For an endomorphism , the composite vanishes because . Hence restricts to an endomorphism of and induces an endomorphism of , giving a commutative diagram of short exact sequences.
Because and are brick modules, each of is either zero or an isomorphism. If both are isomorphisms, the short five lemma makes an isomorphism. If both vanish, factors successively through and through , hence through a map ; this map is zero, so .
The mixed cases would split the sequence. If is invertible and , then , so for some ; the identity makes a retraction of . If and is invertible, then , so ; the identity makes a section of . Both contradict nonsplitting. Thus every endomorphism of is zero or invertible, and is a brick.
Solved by gpt-5.6-sol high.

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