Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2026/iii/paper-125/2/c/i/solution
Suppose that with . If , then because has order . If , thenApplying again and using yields in . This is impossible when , because is then not a quadratic residue. Hence and are linearly independent in the two-dimensional vector space .
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