Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2003/paper-2/4/b/solution

The divergence is . With outward orientation, the divergence theorem converts the surface flux into a volume integral:
Directly, the three faces lying in coordinate planes contribute zero, and each opposite face contributes , confirming the sign and normalization.

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