Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2003/paper-2/4/c/solution

Take the outward orientation on the upper hemisphere; its boundary circle is then counterclockwise viewed from above. Parametrize that circle by , . Then , so Stokes theorem gives
Equivalently , and the upward projected area of the hemisphere is . The opposite orientation gives the negative of this answer.

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