Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2006/paper-1/7/b/iii/solution

This is a two-turn renewal game. A full pair of throws has probability of passing twice and returning to the original state. The probability that wins before that restart is . Thus first-step analysis gives , or
Equivalently sum the geometric series . The probability of surviving infinitely many pairs is zero, so the eventual winner is well defined with probability one.

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