Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2023/paper-1/20/b/ii/solution

Put . By part (i), . The acute-angle geometry requires . Expressing the tangents in terms of their sines in the geometric constraint gives the required implicit equation
The hint suggests for an integer . Testing gives
Thus . Each term on the left is strictly increasing in over the allowed interval, so this solution is unique.

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