Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-2-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2017/paper-1/1/b/solution

In cylindrical coordinates, the surface has radius . It is the lateral surface of a right circular cone, with vertex at the origin and axis along positive . Its height is and the limiting upper rim has radius ; the horizontal disk at that rim is absent. The half-angle from the vertical satisfies
The upper rim is excluded by , which does not affect any convergent surface integral. The vertex likewise contributes no area.
Figure 1.
The open lateral cone and its auxiliary closing cap
. Original sketch in units of . The dashed upper rim bounds an auxiliary disk used only to apply the divergence theorem. The arrow shows the outward lateral normal, which has a downward component. Details.

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