Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-2-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2023/paper-2/5/a/solution

The signal is continuous at zero with . Its envelope is , but its angular frequency falls from on the incoming side to on the outgoing side. Its one-sided slopes are and , producing a cusp at the peak. Both tails decay to zero.
Figure 1.
Decaying signal with a frequency change at closest approach
. The illustration uses to make the incoming and outgoing oscillations visible. Dashed curves show the envelopes ; the incoming oscillations have twice the outgoing angular frequency. Details.
Use . Expanding each cosine into two exponentials and integrating its half-line gives
Equivalently,
The positive guarantees convergence of the Fourier transform integrals.

New to topics? Read the docs here!