Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-2-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2023/paper-2/7/a/solution

For the stated square side length , the volume is and the uniform mass density is . Direct integration about its central vertical axis gives the moment of inertia of a uniform square plate:
Thus the PDF's coefficient is inconsistent with its stated side length. The coefficient would apply to a square of side .
For the disc, use cylindrical coordinates and :
For the sphere, use spherical coordinates and :
These agree with the moment of inertia of a uniform disc and the moment of inertia of a uniform solid sphere. The square's thickness does not enter its axial moment of inertia once the mass is fixed.

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