Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-model-theory-and-godel-s-incompleteness-theorems-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2007/b/6/ii/solution
Past exam of the model theory and Gödel's incompleteness theorems course of the University of Oxford 2007 B 6 ii Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-31
Use two expansions of the rational order. In the first interpret , so the named sequence is unbounded above. In the second interpret , so the named sequence is strictly increasing but has upper bounds in the rational order. Both expansions are countably infinite first-order models of the specified first-order theory.
An isomorphism preserving each would preserve the existence of an element greater than all the named constants, since any such element in one first-order structure would map to such an element in the other. The first first-order structure has none and the second has, for instance, . They cannot be isomorphic. ThusThe property of lying above all is an infinite partial type rather than a single first-order sentence. This is why its realization can distinguish the two first-order models without contradicting the completeness established in (iv).
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