Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-model-theory-and-godel-s-incompleteness-theorems-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2008/b/7/iv/solution

Take the parameter-free complete type
of the nonstandard prime constructed in part (i). It is first-order consistent and complete because it consists of exactly the logical formulas true of an actual element in a first-order model of . It contains for every integer , and consequently no element of realizes it. Thus
It is necessarily a nonprincipal complete type. If a first-order consistent logical formula isolated it, completeness of would force the existential closure of that logical formula to hold in every first-order model of , including ; a witness there would realize the partial type, a contradiction. This connects the explicit omission with the hypothesis of the omitting types theorem.

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