Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-nonlinear-systems-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2023/3/a/iii/solution

Construct one infinite binary sequence by concatenating every binary word of length one, then every word of length two, then every word of length three, and so on, in lexicographic order within each length. Every finite binary word occurs somewhere in .
Given any target sequence and any , choose such that . The word occurs in , beginning after some symbols. Thus agrees with in its first positions, and the prescribed metric gives
Every open open ball about every point therefore meets the forward orbit of . This forward orbit is dense in . The argument identifies finite-prefix cylinder sets as arbitrarily small neighborhoods in this metric; no binary-expansion convention for real numbers is needed.

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