Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-options-ii-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2005/c/2/b/iii/solution

If a prime divisor of satisfied , it would divide and therefore divide the difference , impossible. Hence .
Every integer has a prime divisor, and (ii) makes each of its prime divisors congruent to 1 modulo 4. Taking arbitrarily large produces such primes beyond every bound. Therefore
Equivalently, if their list were finite, choosing at least its largest member would produce a new member larger than that supposed maximum.

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