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ID: past-exam-of-the-options-ii-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2012/e/e4/b/i/solution
Past exam of the options II course of the University of Oxford 2012 E E4 b i Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-31
Every iterate is an isometry of the strip with its Euclidean subspace metric. Let lie in distinct orbits. Since the first-coordinate difference in grows without bound as , the positive distances have a positive minimum . Only finitely many indices can give a distance below any fixed bound, and none gives zero.
Choose . Saturate the relative open balls by settingThese are open saturated neighbourhoods of the two orbits. Any two centres are at least apart, since their distance equals . Their radius- balls therefore cannot intersect. Hence , and part (a)(iv), an instance of positive orbit separation implies a Hausdorff quotient, proves
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