 Solution

The open-loop gain is large and roughly constant at low frequency, then falls as internal poles become important. A dominant-pole approximation isAbove $f_p$, but before higher poles dominate, $|A|\propto f^{-1}$, a slope of $-20\mathrm{dB}$ per decade, with increasing phase lag. The approximate unity-gain frequency is $f_T=A_0{f}_p$. A 741-class amplifier has typical low-frequency gain about $2\times 10^5$; this is the open-loop gain, distinct from the feedback-set signal gain. The finite-gain formula at the parent level explains why the closed-loop response eventually rolls off.^[ref]