Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-short-options-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2021/2/a/solution

Let . The allowed center of a group theorem gives . By Lagrange's theorem its order is or . In the first case has order and is a cyclic group. A cyclic quotient by the center forces to be Abelian: if , write arbitrary elements as with , and commute them directly. Hence in every case
For two examples at prime-cube order, take the dihedral group of a square, , and the quaternion group . Both have order . They are nonabelian because and , respectively. They are distinct examples even up to group isomorphism: the dihedral group has five elements of order two and the quaternion group has only one. The request asks for two examples; it does not require the prime to be arbitrary.

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