Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-short-options-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2021/3/b/solution

Conjugate by a projective transformation sending to and to . A matrix representing the conjugated transformation must have zero diagonal, since its first column represents and its second represents . Therefore it has the form
Its square is , a nonzero scalar matrix, which induces the identity on the projective line. Conjugating back proves
For the requested explicit involution, take
More generally works whenever .

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