Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-short-options-paper-shared-by-parts-a-and-b-of-the-physics-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2019/s16/2/d/solution

Use the preceding electron density as the line-of-sight mean, , and . Then
This estimate corresponds to dispersion measure about . A cloud density inferred from absorption need not equal the actual path average, so a real pulsar may differ even at the same distance.

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