Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-short-options-paper-shared-by-prelims-and-parts-a-and-b-of-the-physics-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2016/s29/3/a/solution

For a thin uniform spherical shell, and angular averaging gives . Thus . The printed formula requires a negligibly thin outer shell. For a finite-thickness hollow sphere of uniform density between and ,
For example gives , not . The thin-shell limit restores the printed result. A uniform outer layer of unspecified thickness does not by itself establish it.

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