Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-theoretical-physics-major-option-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2015/2/d/solution
Past exam of the theoretical physics major option course of the University of Oxford 2015 2 d Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-25
Quantize along the selected field direction by the right-handed relabeling , , . Then the exact Holstein–Primakoff transformation in c gives . Keep exchange terms of order and , with and the printed held fixed. For a nearest-neighbor bond,On a periodic cubic lattice with sites and spacing , there are undirected bonds. Consequently,Use the unitary lattice Fourier transform . Each positive lattice direction contributes , so the Hamiltonian operator is already diagonal in momentum space:There are no anomalous or terms, so no Bogoliubov transformation or extra zero-point correction is needed. At long wavelengths,At this is the quadratic ferromagnetic Goldstone mode; for it is gapped by . Energies are written with ; an excitation frequency is . In this isotropic ferromagnet the fully aligned vacuum and its one-magnon dispersion are also exact; higher-magnon interactions are among the terms discarded from the linear spin-wave Hamiltonian operator.
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