 Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-year-1-of-the-computer-science-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2016/discrete-mathematics-continuous-mathematics-and-probability-resit/2/a/solution

R

A

a R a (a \in A), a R b ⟹ b R a (a, b \in A), a R b and b R c ⟹ a R c (a, b, c \in A) .

a \in A

is $[a]_{R} = {b \in A : a R b}$ . The equivalence classes partition

A

: every element belongs to its own class, and two classes are either equal or disjoint.

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