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ID: past-exam-of-the-year-1-of-the-computer-science-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2016/imperative-programming-resit/5/d/solution

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Past exam of the year 1 of the computer science course of the University of Oxford / 2016 / Imperative programming (resit) / 5 / d / Solution by

Codex  0 2026-10-31

Each implementation first evaluates super.meth and then appends its own name. Consequently the contributions appear in reverse order of the defining traits in the Scala trait linearization. The four printed lines are

E I L N H Y 
E I D L N H Y 
E I D L T H S Y O N 
E I D L T H S Y O N

There is a trailing space before each newline. The third and fourth lines are identical: the declared type D of o4 permits the call but does not change the actual A object's dynamic dispatch or its super chain. Within N, for example, super.meth in an A follows the next implementation in A's full linearization rather than simply using L as its isolated textual parent.

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